Due to the recent events in East Palestine, Ohio and as part of our ongoing efforts to advance the safe transportation of hazardous materials by rail, the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA)—in coordination with the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)—is issuing this safety advisory to re-emphasize previously raised concerns about the survivability of DOT-111 tank cars and encourage tank car owners and shippers of flammable liquids to voluntarily upgrade their tank car fleets to the newest, and safest, available tank car design authorized for flammable liquid service—the DOT-117 specification tank car. PHMSA is also urging rail carriers to consider the risks inherent in the continued use of DOT-111 tank cars in flammable liquid service, and to consider applying the requirements applicable to high-hazard flammable trains (HHFT) to trains with fewer tank cars carrying flammable liquids in DOT-111 tank cars.